Trust Affect Interpersonal Relationships - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 641 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/09/20 Category Business Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Relationship Essay Did you like this example? How Trust Affects Interpersonal Relationships MGT 521 Management June 15, 2010 Dr. Michael A. Barker SPHR How Trust Affects Interpersonal Relationships Teck-Hua Hohas, with Haas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley, California, and Keith Weigelt, with The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania conducted a laboratory investigation entitled Trust Building Among Strangers, (MANAGEMENT SCIENCE, Vol. 51, No. 4, April 2005, pp. 519–530, issn 0025-1909 eissn 1526-5501 05 5104 0519). The article directly relates to the experience of working within a newly established learning team, and establishing trust among team members. The laboratory based investigation was structured in the form of a multistage game entitled: The Trust Building Game (Ho Weigelt, 2005), whereas the players had to opportunity to achieve social gains only if the players trust each other in each stage, without knowing the identity of the other players. Th e theory of the game ‘assumes all players are opportunistic and untrustworthy and thus should zero trust for others’ (Ho Weigelt, 2005). Trust Building Game (Ho Weigelt, 2005) examines how the intentions of those who trust others affect credibility, if people are trusting or trustworthiness, and the evolution of trust. The question was asked: â€Å"When working in teams, is trust assumed or do team members have to earn trust? † (MGT 521 Management Course Syllabus, University of Phoenix, 2010, p 14). The concept of trust, especially among strangers was viewed by social sciences, psychologist, sociologist, and economists. Their opinions varied from some psychologists viewing trust as being ‘the hallmark of social adjustment (Gurtman 1992) and that without it neuroses prevail. ’ (Ho Weigelt, 2005), to some economists viewing trust ‘rationally and posit people only trust when it pays them to do so’ (Ho Weigelt, 2005), (Camerer and Weigelt 1988, Berg et al. 1995). The results from The Trust Building Game, (Ho Weigelt, 2005), demonstrated that players were more willing to trust when they felt certain of the other players’ intention, and more reluctant to trust in later stages of the game. Therefore, when working in teams, trust is initially assumed. As the team continues to work together, trust is either gained or discharged. During the Trust Building Game, (Ho Weigelt, 2005), although the majority of the players were not able to claim the entire prize of the social gains, there was some degree of trusting behaviors. Now let us consider how to keep or rebuild trust among team members, when trust is lost while working in teams. Trust is typically lost among team members over time through a series of missed obligations, in addition to poor and/or unclear communication. The lost of trust among team members will negatively affect the entire team effort, project outcome, and bottom line. Because of th e increased in interdependencies among organizations worldwide, it is likely that work arounds due to the lack of team trust will incur costs for the organizations in the form of lost productivity, duplicated, wasted, or reworked tasks (Willard, 1999). Therefore, once team trust becomes an issue, each team member must commit to taking take another risk in the team relationship, thereby allowing each member to become vulnerable to one another. Vital to team trust are dependence, reliance, and faith. Therefore, this sincere offer of vulnerability each team member brings to rebuilding the team relationships is a critical element in the trust building process (Willard, 1999). At this time, each member must be able to admit to prior mistakes, and commit to continually checking with team members about assumptions and new commitments in addition to regularly checking-in to keep the team relationship on track. References Willard, M. (1999). BUILDING TRUST-The relationship between trus t and high performance. Retrieved from https://www. paclink. com/~axis/M7trust. html, BUILDING TRUST The relationship between trust and high performance, Copyright 1999 AXIS Performance Advisors, Inc. Ho, T. Weigelt, K. (April 2005).  «MANAGEMENT SCIENCE », Vol. 51, No. 4, April 2005, pp. 519–530, issn 0025-1909,[pic] eissn 1526-5501 [pic] 05 [pic] 5104 [pic] 0519 Barker SPHR, D. A. (2010). MGT 521 Management Course Syllabus.  «Response Questions, 1 »(1), p14. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Trust Affect Interpersonal Relationships" essay for you Create order

Essay about Lion and the Fox Metaphor in Machiavellis The...

Niccolà ² di Bernardo dei Machiavelli, The archetype man for politics in history. He was born on May 1469 and died June 1527. He is an Italian philosopher, thinker and writer. He was considered by many as one of the origin founders of political science in modern age. He was a diplomatic person, besides being a political philosopher, and musician. In Florentine Republic he used to be a civil servant. Then In 1498, he was elected as Secretary to the second Chancery of the Republic of Florence by the Great council. When I hear Renaissance, directly Leonardo Da Vinci comes up to my mind, as well as Machiavelli. He is known as an Icon of the Renaissance Man. He is most known for a political booklet The Prince; it is written on 1513, but not†¦show more content†¦Histories have seen many of those gigantic powers who have no mercy on human being, people who used the concept of Machiavelli. Our brain is not a machine and working with food, water and air, they are not all the same. E ach one is created in a way genetically and the initializes of someone’s life integrated. Thinking about and expressing meaning for the existences around is I different, so as this is happens, each one takes the prince’s ideology in their way. And I think most of who used it, beginning from the dictators and democratic reached a way, but for some lost the track and reached a dead-end, and for some reached the evaluation of their acts. According to the theory, every prince needs to be a lion for awhile, until he plants the fear seeds in them, and then he needs the fox to take care of the undertaking probabilities of reaching a wanted goal. The fact that many have denied it is to be fearful and lion like characteristics. But for the prince this is a theratere and shows the impression to the audience, until some of them lives and just the people stays who wanted to be there before the show starts. Now there must another way to get into those audiences mind and convince them with the conspiracy win it all. There is a limit where both sides of us meet, that would be turning point for some of us, or it can be the subliminal pivot where both personalities meet and fight against the outside world of self body territory. In the modern world the warfare andShow MoreRelatedMachiavelli The Prince Analysis873 Words   |  4 PagesIn the prince, Machiavelli explores a world of governments and presents the many different ways in which a ruler must adapt in order to run an efficient government. Machiavelli provides a number of applications in which a ruler can acquire and maintain the leading position of a government. While many of these applications are just and moral, there is no denying that some of the Machiavelli’s tactics are cruel and immoral. However, as we advance deep into the meaning behind Machiavelli’s choice ofRead MoreFortune And Power In Niccolo Machiavellis The Prince1901 Words   |  8 PagesPaper: Fortune and Power in The Prince by Niccolo Machiavelli Niccolo Machiavelli wrote the novel, The Prince, which was meant as a gift to Lorenzo de Medici, a ruling member of the Medici family (Machiavelli, 1998). The novel addresses politics, but more over managerial skills on how a prince should rule his state. Machiavelli goes on to describe ways in which are best practices for a prince to rule and continue to be in power by using historical examples and using metaphors to authenticate his advicesRead MoreVladimir Putin and Machiavellis The Prince2685 Words   |  11 Pagesin Niccolà ² Machiavelli’s famous advisory book for rulers The Prince. Despite the fact that The Prince was first published in 1532 it is still relevant today, especially in analyzing the rule of Vladimir Putin in Russia. Putin’s leadership style and actions make him a modern day Machiavellian prince. Many of the actions and polices taken by Putin are distinctly Machiavellian in nature. Putin’s foreign policy and behavior on the international sta ge parallels the key ideas of The Prince. Putin has

The Swimmer Free Essays

The Swimmer Not everyone enjoys being afraid, but there are a lot of us who really enjoy the experience. Fear is an emotional response, which triggers a change in the brain and organ function, as well as in behavior. Fear may occur when facing danger such as a threat or a confrontation. We will write a custom essay sample on The Swimmer or any similar topic only for you Order Now Fear can lead us to flee, hide, or fight. Nevertheless, sometimes fear can also be what drives us to cross our own boundary and do what we long to do. The short story â€Å"The Swimmer† by S. Butler deals with a woman whose fear for being watched by others, keeps her from doing what she really wants. Her sudden desire for fear draws her closer and ends up making her do something even more fearsome, which luckily turns out to help her being set free. The story has an all-knowing third person narrative technique with focus on the protagonist and the setting around her. The short Story Starts by using the first five sentences to present the weather. â€Å"Three weeks of windless sun†. This establishes the overall setting for the reader. The setting is basically described as being a hot summer day, which has lasted for three weeks, with no cooling wind, and the suns heat burning on the ground. The cooling and moving water is in contrast to the clouds and the wind. â€Å"Nothing moves except the water†. There is a longer introduction to the water but it continuous from a different perspective. This leads to an introduction of both the water but also the main character. â€Å"She sits at her desk in the back room gazing out at the river. Where it rounds the first bend there’s an eddy as the current twists out into the middle†¦ . J. S Butler is using sentences like the one above to set focus on the importance of the protagonist and the setting and thereby indirectly ailing the reader that the woman and the lake are of significance to the story. The main character is a woman who is sitting at a desk with her window open, which gives her a view to a lake nearby. Throughout the story, her job seems to b e of less and less importance to her; meanwhile her interest in the lake grows. This comes to show in some of her thoughts while working: â€Å"No one has passed for at least three hours†. Unlike her work, the woman feels some kind of fascination towards the lake while working. Whether or not she is ratiocinating from her work by using the summer heat, as an excuse to take a swim in the lake is unclear at this point, but she – despite her fear of being watched while swimming -? makes the decision to go down to the lake. All ready before making this decision she had put her swimwear near her, which indicates that she had had the idea of taking a swim before, but had been reluctant about actually going. However, taking the initiative to go doesn’t mean she overcame her fear. Due to the fact that it’s a hot summer day, she defies her fear and goes into the lake. Out on the river path she takes long fast steps†. In addition, she is very aware Of the fact that if she hesitates, she might turn around and go back to her desk. In the water, she finds a swan. Its beauty amazes her and while knowing that it can be a very dangerous animal, she feels drawn by the fear. While trying to get closer to the swan, she spends a lot of time in the lake, which gradually helps her overcome her fear. The fact that she slowly overcomes her fear the first time and her new interest for the swan, she found the courage to go into the lake once more, and once more, and once more, each time getting closer to the swan and later on close enough to touch it. The woman’s observations made from a distance indicate that the swan is dead, but also alive. â€Å"It doesn’t hiss, nor arch its wings†. This brings a somewhat mysterious element to the story. The swan of course is a symbol, and the lag of movement and the fact that the swan doesn’t really notice the woman, could suggest that it is dead already. However, warm blood blends into the water, which indicates that the swan is alive. She thinks -? and the orator describes it as if – the swan where caught up in some of the fishermen’s net, as it flew down onto the water. The swan has probably been caught up in the net for some time and has been suffering a lot. Like the woman, the swan, was probably fascinated by the waters beauty and decided to fly onto the Water. The Woman and the swan have both been drawn towards the water, because of the heat, but the swan is more relatable to the women then one might think. The woman can relate to the feeling of being held back. Of course, there is a entrant between being held back physically and held back by fear. Meanwhile the swan is trapped, the woman began to spend more and more time observing the swan, and be more and more attached to it. â€Å"She cannot stop thinking about the swan†. The fear she felt disappeared, as if it was a decreasing exponential equation to the time she spends in the lake. As a product of this decreasing fear, the woman began to untie herself from the reluctant and fear controlled life she had had. â€Å"Untwisting the line where the bird bound itself in its struggle†. There are many similarities between the caught up swan and the â€Å"caught up† woman. They are both struggling to get free and their endings have somewhat similar traits. Without the help of the woman, the swan could not get free. And without the â€Å"help† of the swan, the woman probably wouldn’t have been freed from her fear of swimming in the lake. The theme of fear in the story is expressed by the main character s development. Other subsystems such as person development, mental freedom, helping others and the beauty of nature, are all shown in the legislation the woman establishes with the swan. Of course, the overall themes are fear and overcoming fear, but also themes such as unhappiness and maybe even the female role as the weak gender comes to show as possible themes, however these are somewhat out of focus and thereby not central themes. The similarities between the woman and the swan suggest that the narrator is describing the same situation twice but from the different perspectives. How to cite The Swimmer, Papers The Swimmer Free Essays The Swimmer â€Å"The Swimmer† is an allegorical story of Neddy Merrill, the protagonist, and his journey home from the cocktail party that was eight miles away from his home through private and public swimming pools on Sunday afternoon that depicts his journey through life. The author presents the protagonist both directly and indirectly and tells the story in third person point of view that leads him to reveals the protagonist’s thoughts. â€Å"Neddy names his journey Lucinda River after his wife to invoke the security and longevity of his marriage and family, but his choice of names becomes ironic after the denouement†(Nydam). We will write a custom essay sample on The Swimmer or any similar topic only for you Order Now Neddy’s desire to drink and the loss of memory are his internal conflicts. Despite a terrible hangover from the cocktail party that everyone there was talking about, on his journey home Neddy is still asking for a drink at every pool that he stops by even when they treat him with hostility. The more he wishes something he used to get easily, the more he is turned down. Neddy is humiliated at the Biswangers’ party where Grace calls him a gate crasher and the bartender serves him a drink rudely. â€Å"At the Sachs, he cannot recall that they do not keep drinks at their house since Eric’s operation. This loss of memory of his also appears when Mrs. Halloran, Helen Sachs’s mother, is telling him that they have been terribly sorry for their misfortunes and he does not recall that his house is sold either†(Cheever 520). Neddy has external conflicts that are alcoholism, the affair with Shirley Adams, his old mistress, his social standing, and his wife and daughters for they left him. His social standing develops in him the art of denial of invitations from the people that he considers below him, the Biswangers for instance. According to Cummings, the climax occurs when Neddy finds himself standing on the shoulder of Route 424 amid litter while passersby ridicule him and one throws a beer can at him. †¦ â€Å"He had no dignity or humor to bring to the situation,† the narrator says. †¦Neddy could have gone back, but he didn’t (Cheever 518). The dilemma was to go back or to continue his route of adventure. He decides to continue his route that leads him to his downfall even if he is not evil. The author goes into his mind sometimes in order to make his feelings available to the readers, â€Å"making his way home by uncommon route gave him feeling that he was a pilgrim, an explorer, a man with destiny, and he knew that he would find friends all along the way† (Cheever 515). The author also presents the protagonist directly â€Å"At the beginning of the story, the narrator tells us that Neddy is no longer young, but he does his best to act young by sliding down a banister and diving headlong into a pool† (sparksNotes). Neddy’s social standing is one of his antagonists, his own house is in a good neighborhood, the Bullet Park. The Biswangers and some other few neighbors do not belong to Neddy’s set, and they are not even on Lucinda’s Christmas Card list†(Cheever 521). Considering their social standing, the Merrills have developed the art of denial of the invitations from the neighbors whom they regard as socially inferior, for example , â€Å"where Grace Biswanger tells Neddy â€Å"you don’t seem to pay much attention to invitations† ( Cheever 522). As an allegorical story, â€Å"The Swimmer† has many symbols, and the story itself symbolizes Neddy’s journey through many years of his life. The change in weather is symbolic. â€Å"At the beginning of the story, Neddy is warm in the sunshine, conscious of nothing but his own happiness and the pleasures of the day. †¦ Shortly into his journey, a storm passes, marking a turning point in Neddy’s plans† (SparksNotes). The scattering of leaves depicts fall and his final swimming is in freezing-cold water. Along his journey as the moment is going on he gets colder and weaker, finally ends in winter, and his happy life is complete. Briefly, in this story â€Å"The Swimmer† the protagonist’s journey represents more than meets the eye. It represents life problems and struggles that make him weaker and tired as life goes on where people he once rejected are now rejecting him. A climatic moment happens when he returns home he is terribly humiliated, people in the roads are throwing cans at him, and his former mistress refuses to welcome him and even to get him a drink. Heading â€Å"to the Biswangers he thinks that they would be honored to give him a drink† (Cheever 521) instead they treat him with hostility. The denouement is Neddy’s downfall where after seeing fall, autumn, and winter symbols he is alone facing the empty house that is locked. His daughters, his wife after whom he names his journey, alcohol, social standing, and everything he considers happiness or pleasure are all gone. Works Cited Cheever, John. â€Å"The Swimmer. † Perrine’s Literature Structure, Sound and Sense. 10 Ed. Helen Triller and Cheryl Forman. Wadsworth. Lyn uhl. 2006-327. Print. Cummings, Michael. â€Å"The Swimmer Study Guide. † Cummingsstudyguides. 2011. Web. 31 jan. 2013 Nydam, Rebekah. â€Å"Drowing in the Suburbs. † hubpages. n. d. Web. 30 jan. 2013 SparkNotes Editors. â€Å"SparkNote on The Swimmer. † SparkNotes. com. SparkNotes LLC. 2007. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. How to cite The Swimmer, Papers

Changing Business Environment International Operations

Question: 1. Explain how Emirates pursues internationalization. 2. Identify two key dimensions of market globalization that you noticed in the case of Emirates. 3.Identify and discuss three key drivers of Emirates market globalization. 4.What are some negative consequences of globalization in the case of Emirates. Answer: 1. Today, almost every organizations internationalization or the practice of international operations has become a vital part of their life. International markets are flourishing world widely. Emirates Airline management begins its operations from Dubai. Emirates Airline is one of the most top six airlines in world, it have 5 star rating (Nowell, 2004). This flight operates around 700 weekly flights in about 60 nations in the world. Internationalization means to enhance connection in international operations. Emirates also follow internationalization for increasing its involvement in the international markets. The main objective of Emirates is to follow internationalization, in order to make more money and profits in huge margin. For increasing profits the management of Emirates aims to increase sales volume by selling overseas as well as aims to reduce cost of products by producing abroad (Mina, 2008). With the help of overproduction, the management of Emirates gets involvement in international business functions. For driving attentions of their customers and visitors they put attractive advancement in their flights such as they introduced personal video systems for all the passengers of every classes, they also provide private fax facilities and telecommunications systems as well (Bjerklie, 2006). Emirates follow its concentration in a legacy airline of luxury as well as hi-tech. emirates have framed a valuable lessons for accomplishing itself as a Global airline. Emirates operate and improved its industry in The United Arab Emirates which has strong economy. Emirates are embedded with strong system unions around global ends. The industry has frequently utilizes advanced strategies to position their internationality. Emirates management provides their first class customers attached name of them with luxurious aircrafts. With the help of internationalization Emirates has proved to be maximum profitability. 2. Globalization is referring as developed measure in order to expand the economic and social ties through increasing institutions which are communal. Globalization is a process that affects the nation mainly in three areas, which are social, economic and cultural (Hettne, 2010). This assignment will highlights that how globalization affects the two key aspects of globalization in the case of Emirates. Culture at Emirates: Culture is one of the most important aspects for Emirates as the industry have 32 workers in their management who are with different nationalities. It is quite a challenging matter for the company in order to manage the culture aspects. It is also challenging the company as it is require making a similar as well as cooperative organizational culture. Emirates work hard for management for creating as well as aligning a united visual let abandoned culture, there was no united individuality or individuals were reacting as individual as well as hot as unified forces (O'Connell, 2006). Emirates requires unified force which delivers an innovative type of services in segment with the emirates philosophy for completing the work for opening their star property of resorts as well as hotels in a given deadline. Politics at Emirates: Air drives among countries are through decided understandings. Flying laws and rules between authorities impacted unbelievably on the achievement of an aerials shuttles mission. Many of the authorities have strong as well as strict laws and rules on outdoor transporters to function particular courses in their countries of center to determine the national aerial shuttle (O'Connell, 2006). Emirates have accomplished in stature as well as scale not by the tariff barriers but through rivalry with the constantly develop various global transporters that destroys Dubais open- skies scheme. Emirates have appreciated for the profitability because of late businesses to proper movement laws from the two laws and regulations. 3. Globalization comprises of enhance of trade and investment among countries. Emirates have successfully implemented all the strategies for its internationalization and for its expansion of the market (Aydin Morefield, 2010). The three key features that Emirates has successfully implemented for the market of globalization are described below: Strategy: Emirates, the largest airline industry in the world has made positive decision to expand internationally. The company has very cleverly chosen countries of America and Europe for its target customers. As these continents have great number of countries and have high class population, this targeted audience helps the company to acquired desired revenue for its standard operations. Understanding Culture: Other major element for Emirates in becoming the worlds busiest airlines is its understanding of diverse culture. The company hired native country manager in their targeted countries which results in better understanding of these respective countries (Globalization in the 21st century, 2008). The organization managed to prepare a pleasant working environment for its different cultural employees. Competitive advantage: Emirates efficiently managed to distinguish itself to gain market share and customer base. The company has highly standardized its services to gain customer attention and to increase their base. The cabin crew of this respective company has high standard apartments and also provides full medical care and facilities to its customer. 4. Globalization brings various negative consequences, challenges as well as issues in Emirates which should be tackled foe making it acceptable easily. Usually, globalization has been established to be main area of analysis which has been continues in numerous cultural situations. Globalization has also verified to have huge impact in the Emirates Airlines because it has hugely impacted operations in the business industry as well as patterns of management (Herstein Mitki, 2008). Some negative impacts for the members which emerge in the past years of their membership. In fact, admitting an alliance needs contribution substantially as well as various alteration in the aircraft cabin for satisfying the alliance duties. Even admitting in global alliance can be long stage. Another consequence, they incline to lose their freedom as they have to sacrifice as well as they adapt to various modification in the alliance. Specific crew not allowed responding in a quick manner in the industry as they have to hold on for the further members conformity. References Aydin, R. Morefield, R. (2010). Hub-And-Spoke Airlines Versus Low-Cost Airlines And Price Discrimination. Journal Of Business Economics Research (JBER), 8(5). https://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jber.v8i5.714 Bjerklie, S. (2006). Airline industry: Up, up and away. Metal Finishing, 104(3), 8-25. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0576(06)80046-2 Globalization in the 21st century. (2008). Abu Dhabi. Herstein, R. Mitki, Y. (2008). How El Al Airlines transformed its service strategy with employee participation. Strategy Leadership, 36(3), 21-25. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10878570810870758 Hettne, B. (2010). Development Beyond Market-led Globalization. Development, 53(S1), 37-41. https://dx.doi.org/10.1057/dev.2009.84 Mina, W. (2008). United Arab Emirates Trade Policy Review. World Economy, 31(11), 1443-1453. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2008.01136.x Nowell, J. (2004). The Emirates. Oakham: Zodiac. O'Connell, J. (2006). The changing dynamics of the Arab Gulf based airlines and an investigation into the strategies that are making Emirates into a global challenger. WRITR, 1(1), 94. https://dx.doi.org/10.1504/writr.2006.011154

A review of the book The Berlin Diary

A review of the book The Berlin Diary In the Berlin Diary, many types of leadership were exhibited in the democracies of France, Great Britain, and the United States of America. In this paper, I will identify the leaders of this very violent period, and attempt to analyze each democracy's leadership as it relates to World War II.FRANCE AND DALADIEROn his second go-around as Premier of France, Edouard Daladier was faced with a minor crisis in which he failed to make a decision. He had given permission for demonstrations to take place at the Place de la Concorde, which turned violent. Daladier had government troops standing by, but refused to use them, ultimately resulting in 16 deaths and several hundred people being wounded. Daladier resigned later that day. This type of leadership was pure cowardice. He was an exoskeletal leader; hard on the outside, soft in the middle, and couldn't make a timely decision. When he decided to act, it was too late.Chamberlain, MinnesotaThe spinelessness of Daladier and Neville Chamberlain of Britain are two of the reasons why Hitler remained so powerful. This brings me to the second democracy of the era, Great Britain.GREAT BRITAIN AND CHAMBERLAINGreat Britain's Prime Minister, Neville Chamberlain was from the same basic mold as Daladier. He was pretty much a pushover, who thought that he was the bully. With the naval superiority that Great Britain had, Chamberlain probably could've done serious damage to the Axis. But like Daladier, Chamberlain didn't have the guts to stand up for his country. Great Britain's navy was by far the most superior, superficial navy in Europe. Why didn't he attempt taking on the Axis? Why didn't Daladier and Chamberlain initiate a plan to try and stop Hitler?The answer: they were both spineless leaders who were scared and unprepared to fight a war.

Democratic Governments Role in the Global Economy

Democratic Governments Role in the Global Economy Introduction Recently there has been an ongoing debate about the role of democratically elected governments in the global economy. There are some who are of the opinion that the government and not the international finance should be the ultimate source of discipline for national economies. While others argue that democracy itself is the problem when it comes to the global economy.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Democratic Governments Role in the Global Economy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Democratic government in the global economy Democracy is one of the most effective forms of government in today’s increasing integrated World. As it allows governments to be accounted to the electorate who brought them into power and not the global financial institutions. While the international finance players advocate for free market economy system without considering the effects that it would have in the local economy . Democratic governments have come up with fiscal policies aimed at insulating the local market against risks brought about by the free market especially those that originate externally. This has enabled these countries to have a good welfare state, as evidenced by countries such as the Netherlands and Denmark who have an open market system but still manage to keep the risks as low as possible (Rodrik 316). As globalization has allowed workers to be easily substituted across national boundaries. Democracy has permitted governments to come up with minimum working conditions in order to safeguard the domestic workers from exploitation, as their main priority is the electorate. Democratic form of government has allowed countries to develop their own form of capitalism nationally. This has allowed countries to come up with their own style of corporate governance, mode of organizing the labor markets and ways of administering safety nets. This has ensured that the system does not suffer from the backlash of globalization (Rodrik 310). Problems Posed by a democratic government in the global economy Though, the democratic form of government is one of the effective ways of dealing with globalization, there are various problems it poses in dealing with the global economy. Milton (90) argues that, while fiscal policies by governments are viewed by many as ways of helping the economy grow, they in fact make the economy to be smaller and less stable. This is because as governments increase their expenditure it results in the GDP rising by the same margin. In addition, when governments institute trade barriers, they prevent the local market from competing effectively in the global market thus resulting in the imbalance of trade with other countries.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Also Sachs (30) argues in his book that, while many democratic governments applied b lanket trade barriers in the hope of protecting the local market, they ended up hurting it. Since the results of the barriers became more detrimental than those that would have been caused by a free market. Also through protectionism, governments have limited the local market from accessing a variety of commodities in the global economy. This has denied the electorate freedom of choice, which they promised to protect. Solutions to problems caused by the government While there are many problems which democratic governments pose to the global economic system, they can take the following steps to solve these problems. First they need to understand the trade agreements keenly in order to avoid applying blanket barriers to trade, thus avoiding the negative effects caused by them (Sachs 30). Also the governments need to monitor their fiscal policies so as to ensure that they grow the economy rather than destroying it (Milton 90). Governments need to come up with effective measures to glob alization to protect the electorate as well as reap the benefits that come with it. Milton, Friedman. Capitalism and Freedom. 40th anniversary ed. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2002. 85-107. Print. Rodrik, Dani. Has Globalization Gone Too Far?. New York: Institute for International Economics, 1997. 316. Print. Rodrik. Dani. The New Global Economy and Developing Countries: Making Openness Work†. New York: Overseas Development Council, 1999. 310. Print. Sachs, Jeffrey. The end of poverty: Economic possibilities for our time (introduction). New York: Penguin Press, 2005. 30. PrintAdvertising We will write a custom essay sample on Democratic Governments Role in the Global Economy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Media Sensationalism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Media Sensationalism - Research Paper Example It is a hallmark of playing with the public emotions in order to create a picture that is intended by government agents or terror groups. Some of the tactics normally employed include editorial biases, exaggeration, deliberate obtuse information that is intended to play with public emotion. Besides, it encompasses magnifying trivial information in order to appear loud and sensible2. Media sensationalism appears to have thrived best during the American September 11, 2001 terror attack and subsequent events. Notably, as the Bush administration strived to keep bold face after terror act, the reality of the eventually created public discontent on the role of security agents and the government in safeguarding its people. It was a devastating event that left 3031 people dead and many maimed. The paper explores how media sensationalism has since evolved as a terrorist tool and as a counter-terrorism weapon. Without communication, there would be no terrorism. Though it existed prior to mass media, terror groups have begun using mass media as a tool to discredit perceived success on the war on terror. Most notably, the Islamist extremist groups such as ISIS have used mass media as a war tool. Dial H-I-S-T-O-R-Y video clip by Johan Grimpez in 1997 reflects a medium and the terrorist conflict way back before the September 11, U.S terror attack. The video offers a historical chart of airplane hijacking and how progressive television coverage became more and more deadly. It centers on an imagined conversation between a terrorist and a novelist. As the video progresses, media coverage increases leading to inward society shock on the reality of plane hijack by the terrorist. The media coverage of incidence serves to create societal tension. Mouna Abdel-Majid, a member of PLO, tells the reporter that westerners have fought beyond their territory, and they were now avenging3. Notably, they engage in exchange

Investment projects Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Investment projects - Essay Example That is why even projects which had a positive net present value where not considered for the purpose of investment. The annual investment process at New Heritage involved personnel from all the three divisions of the company who presented their proposals for projects which can be considered for the purpose of investment. The proposals included projects which can be considered for the purpose of investment. With the growth of the company, initiatives were taken to decentralize some of the project approval process and hence increase spending authority at the division level. However, some projects which were of significantly higher value and required huge source of funds were reviewed at the corporate level by the capital budgeting committee which consists of the CEO, CFO, COO, the controller and the division presidents. As such, this report involves a thorough analysis of the available investment opportunities that the New Heritage Doll Company can undertake. The analysis spans over f ive years (2010 - 2014), evaluating projects which can prove to be a value maximising proposition for the company. The projects were analysed on the basis of key performance measures such as Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Profitability Index, Payback period, riskiness, exposure to debt so on and so forth. The projects which were chosen every year for the purpose of investment were submitted to the budgeting committee. ... ysis has been presented in detail in the following sections and comments have been made regarding the projects which were chosen and the rationale for their choice, the budgeting constraint, the choices among all positive NPV projects, the risk factors which were considered and finally the ethical issues faced by the CEO while taking these decisions. Table of Contents 1. Rationale for choice of investing in a particular project 4 2. Budget Constraint 14 3. Choices among all positive NPV projects 14 4. Riskiness of the projects 14 5. Ethical issues faced by the CEO 15 1. Rationale for choice of investing in a particular project Several factors are considered by analysts while choosing a right project for investment. A project proposal to be presented to the committee includes a brief detail about the project and the strategy behind it. Investment decisions are base upon key financial performance measures such as the net present value of the project (NPV), the internal rate of return ( IRR), payback period and the profitability index (PI) of the project (Harvard Business Publishing 2010a). Accepting or rejecting a project depends to a large extent on the NPV of the project which is the present value of the benefits less the present value of the costs. However, this is not the only factor which is taken into consideration while evaluating a project. The other factors taken into consideration are IRR (the interest rate that sets the NPV equals to zero), Payback Period (the time required by a company to recover the cost of an investment) and Profitability index (the ratio between the NPV to the resource consumed) (Berk and DeMarzo 2011, 54-167). Having analyzed all the investment opportunities available to New Heritage Doll Company in their production, retail and licensing

Performance Management in the Companies BMC and HFO MRA Essay

Performance Management in the Companies BMC and HFO MRA - Essay Example A virtual organization is one where managers and employees have appropriate performance management using it naturally in the course of their work. This involves planning as a regular system where concerned parties present distinct goals of a company. Give feedback to employees and work groups after monitoring and measuring performance on their progress towards reaching their goals. After managers set higher standards to their employees they take care to develop the skills needed to achieve them. Additionally, effective performance management ensures that after the accomplishment of the mission, employees receive their rewards either formally or informally to recognize their actions (â€Å"Performance Management†). The importance of performance management is to have a motivated workforce, improved management control, direct financial interest like an increase in sales and reduced costs of production.By adopting performance management, BMC Company has a better management control system that is responsive to employers needs. The online system ensures that BMC Company gets the right information to make decisions at all times. It also provides a well-communicated and documented process that simplifies strategic planning. HFO MRA works towards having a motivated workforce that ensures a company’s continuity and achievement of goals. The company believes in measurable objectives where every employee knows their role in the bigger picture. This enables a company to achieve its goals.At HFO MRA Company, there is a higher probability of career development than in BMC. In case an employee review is not up to the standards, the company arranges for training for this individual employee. Employees receive additional rewards for longevity in terms of holidays which motivate them. The monitoring system is better than in BMC because of the involvement of managers and supervisors who constantly look forward to evaluation without concentrating on past mistakes. Thi s gives employees a guarantee of their importance in the company. By rewarding employee’s longevity, HFO MRA ensures that it keeps its employees longer in the company ensuring the continuity of the company.

Case Report: Topiramate Induced Myopia

Case Report: Topiramate Induced Myopia G.Srinivasagopalan Gopalsamy, Murali Mohan Mohan, Sudhakar Sankar Tamilnadu, India Abstract Topiramate (sulfamate-substituted monosaccharide) is a broad spectrum newer anti-convulsant. It is also used in prophylaxis of migraine, cluster headache, bipolar affective disorder, post traumatic stress disorder, post herpetic neuralgia , relapse prevention in alcohol dependence syndrome, add on treatment for antipsychotic induced weight gain. Acute Myopia and angle closure glaucoma are some of the rare side effects of topiramate. This case highlights the development of myopia in a middle aged patient with alcohol dependence syndrome while he was on topiramate therapy. Keywords: Topiramate, alcohol dependence syndrome, angle closure glaucoma, myopia. INTRODUCTION Topiramate is a sulfamate substituted monosaccharide, a broad spectrum anticonvulsant acting on voltage dependent sodium channels, enhancement of gamma amino butyric acid (GABA), decrease in glutamate and inhibition of carbonic anhydrase. We (the psychiatrists) use topiramate to treat migraine, cluster headache, bipolar affective disorder, post traumatic stress disorder, post herpetic neuralgia , relapse prevention in alcohol dependence syndrome, add on treatment for antipsychotic induced weight gain1. Some of the rare side effects of topiramate are acute myopia and angle closure glaucoma. We report a case of topiramate induced transient myopia in a patient who had been started on topiramate for relapse prevention in alcohol dependence syndrome. CASE REPORT A 35 year old married male, lower middle socio economic status from rural background, working in a private company presented to the outpatient services of our department of psychiatry with 10 years history of alcohol use amounting to dependence and two weeks history of blurred vision and headache. Patient was diagnosed as a case of alcohol dependence syndrome – uncomplicated withdrawal state (F10.30) as per International Classification of Diseases (ICD) ‑10 criteria. He was admitted for detoxification and on eliciting history; it was found that he had been commenced on oral topiramate 50 mg/day 3 weeks previously by a private psychiatrist for his alcohol use. The patient had no history of hypertension, diabetes or glaucoma, he had never worn glasses and there was no history of injury to eyes or head and no history of withdrawal seizures. He was referred to department of ophthalmology for blurred vision. Ophthalmic opinion on the day of admission suggested refractive err ors bilaterally with left eye myopia of -2.5 diopters and right eye myopia of -3.5 diopters with shallow anterior chamber and normal pupils and lens on slit lamp examination and normal intra ocular pressure on tonometry. After this ophthalmologic report, topiramate was stopped immediately by us thinking that it could have induced myopia. Other routine investigations were normal and detoxification with oral lorazepam and thiamine supplementation continued along with motivation enhancement sessions by psychologist. Patient reported gradual clinical improvement in his vision. Repeat ophthalmologic consultation on the 7th day of admission showed significant improvement in visual acuity and refraction with left eye myopia of 0.75 diopters and right eye myopia of 0.75 diopters .Because of our early intervention, angle closure glaucoma was averted in our case. DISCUSSION The most frequently reported side effects for Topiramote are dizziness, mental slowing, somnolence, ataxia, impaired concentration and confusion2. Most of these are transient and observed during the initial weeks of therapy and can be reduced by slow titration of the dose. Anorexia and mild weight loss has been observed during the therapy. Metabolic acidosis, and nephrolithiasis are the other reported side effects. WHO Causality Assessment3 suggests abnormal vision, acute secondary angle closure glaucoma, acute myopia and suprachoroidal effusions are complications of Topiramate therapy. This case highlights and aims to raise awareness that topiramate can cause acute myopia and angle closure glaucoma. Both are reversible with immediate discontinuation of the drug4. Various authors have also reported these serious complications due to topiramate[4][5][6]. The mechanism for topiramate induced angle closure glaucoma is by ciliochoroidal effusion with forward displacement of the lens â₠¬â€œ iris diaphragm and anterior chamber shallowing, resulting in acute myopia and angle closure glaucoma4]. Topiramate’s weak carbonic anhydrase inhibitor activity and prostaglandin mediated effects have also been postulated as possible mechanisms7. Acute myopia up to -9.0 diopters can occur in a matter of hours after starting topiramate, but might take weeks to fully resolve. Whenever a case of myopia with angle closure glaucoma and a shallow anterior chamber is encountered, ciliochoroidal effusion syndrome induced by drugs should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Drug induced myopia has also been associated with promethazine, spironolactone, tetracycline, corticosteroids etc.5. Pupils should not be dilated to prevent further angle closure and possible rise in pressure. Paediatric and developmentally delayed patients who have been started on topiramate should be closely monitored during the first 2 weeks of treatment. It is important for the clinician to educate the patients about this serious adverse effect while prescribing topiramate and advise them to report immediately in the event of visual disturbance. REFERENCES 1V. Shivakumar, N. Jayaram, N. P. Rao, and G. Venkatasubramanian, Successful Use of Add on Topiramate for Antipsychotic Induced Weight Gain, Indian J Psychol Med, 34 (2012), 85-6. 2Y. Mikaeloff, A. de Saint-Martin, J. Mancini, S. Peudenier, J. M. Pedespan, L. Vallee, J. Motte, M. Bourgeois, A. Arzimanoglou, O. Dulac, and C. Chiron, Topiramate: Efficacy and Tolerability in Children According to Epilepsy Syndromes, Epilepsy Res, 53 (2003), 225-32. 3S. A. Zaki, Adverse Drug Reaction and Causality Assessment Scales, Lung India, 28 (2011), 152-3. 4J. E. Craig, T. J. Ong, D. L. Louis, and J. M. Wells, Mechanism of Topiramate-Induced Acute-Onset Myopia and Angle Closure Glaucoma, Am J Ophthalmol, 137 (2004), 193-5. 5T. C. Chen, C. W. Chao, and J. A. Sorkin, Topiramate Induced Myopic Shift and Angle Closure Glaucoma, Br J Ophthalmol, 87 (2003), 648-9. 6H. A. Sen, H. S. OHalloran, and W. B. Lee, Case Reports and Small Case Series: Topiramate-Induced Acute Myopia and Retinal Striae, Arch Ophthalmol, 119 (2001), 775-7. 7C. M. Desai, S. J. Ramchandani, S. G. Bhopale, and S. S. Ramchandani, Acute Myopia and Angle Closure Caused by Topiramate, a Drug Used for Prophylaxis of Migraine, Indian J Ophthalmol, 54 (2006), 195-7.

Essay on Social Conventions in Jane Eyre and Hedda Gabler

Social Conventions in Jane Eyre and Hedda Gabler   Ã‚  Ã‚   Charlotte Bronte's novel Jane Eyre and Henrik Ibsen's play Hedda Gabler were written within fifty years of each other in the late 1800s. Both Jane and Hedda exist within the same social contexts. They are women of the middle class in European cultures. The fact Jane is penniless through much of the novel does not exclude her from the middle class. Jane and Hedda's experiences, education and values all belong to the middle class. Therefore it should be no surprise their words echo. In detail and outcome their stories are different. However, it is the constraints of the same social conventions which drive their different destinies. It is the same confusion of social convention with morality and spirituality that pains both their existences. Confusing social convention with legal, moral, and religious codes of conduct is a phenomena not confined to the 19th century. It is this same confusion that created Jim Crow Laws, anti-gay legislation and fuels the fire of the abortion rights debate.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Social conventions of the 1800's did not allow women of the middle class to live independently. With few exceptions women moved from father's household to husband's household. It was the father's prerogative to arrange a suitable marriage. In truth there might be a carefully selected few to choose from, but any unauthorized selection would hold severe consequences for both men and women.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jane Eyre's mother was disowned because she chose to marry an "unapproved" man. Jane would suffer because of this transgression, which occurred before she was even born. After being orphaned, Jane lives with her Aunt Reed. She is continually reminded she is a dependent and is unloved by her r... ...ton: Prentice Hall, 1992.    Ellis, Kate and Kaplan, Ann. Nineteenth Century Women at the Movies: Adapting Classic Women’s Fiction to Film. Bowling Green, OH: Popular, 1999    Jane Eyre. Dir. Christy Cabanne. Perf. Virginia Bruce, Colin Clive, and Beryl Mercer. 1934.    Jane Eyre. Dir. Franco Zeffirelli. Perf. William Hurt, Charlotte Gainsborough, and Anna Paquin. 1996    Jane Eyre. Dir. Julian Aymes. Perf. Timothy Dalton, Zelah Clarke. 1983    Jane Eyre. Dir. Robert Stevenson. Perf. Joan Fontaine, Orson Welles, and Margaret O’Brien. 1944    Peters, Joan D. â€Å"Finding a Voice: Towards a Woman’s Discourse in Dialogue in the Narration of Jane Eyre.† Studies in the Novel. 23 no 2. (1991): 217-36.    Zonana, Joyce. â€Å"The Sultan and the Slave: Feminist Orientalism and the Structure of Jane Eyre.† Signs. 18 no 3. (1993): 592-617